Processing and storage methods of the hottest trad

Processing and storage methods of traditional Chinese medicine

I. primary processing technology of traditional Chinese medicine

1 Processing of seed medicinal materials: drying the fruits after harvest, threshing, and collecting seeds. Some medicinal materials must be peeled, such as Cymbidium, cassia seed, etc. Some need to break the kernel and take out the kernel, such as almond, wild jujube kernel, etc. Some should be steamed to destroy the enzymes that are easy to change quality and color of medicinal materials, such as Schisandra chinensis, Ligustrum lucidum, etc

2 Processing of flower medicinal materials: after harvest, spread out in a ventilated place and dry in the shade or quickly dry at low temperature to avoid the loss of effective ingredients and maintain a strong aroma, such as safflower, Daphne genkwa, honeysuckle, rose and rose

3. Processing of fruit medicinal materials: Fruit medicinal materials can be dried or dried after harvest, but the medicinal materials with large fruits and difficult to dry out, such as bergamot, lime and papaya, should be cut and dried; For medicinal materials that use pulp or peel as medicine, such as bridges, tangerine peel, Cornus officinalis, etc., the pulp, core or peel should be removed first and then dried

4. Processing of skin medicinal materials: cut them into pieces or pieces fresh after harvest and dry them in the sun. Some species should be scraped off the outer cork while fresh after harvest and then dried, such as Cortex Moutan, cortex Ailanthus, etc; Some bark herbs are slightly scalded with boiling water after harvest, stacked with extra yards to make them sweat. When the endothelial layer turns purple brown, steam it soft, scrape off the cork, cut it into wires, slices or rolled into cans for drying, such as cinnamon, Magnolia officinalis, Eucommia ulmoides, etc

5. Processing of herbal medicines: collect and light structural parts and other products, and dry them in the shade or in the air in a ventilated place after receiving, especially herbal medicines containing aromatic volatile oil components, such as peppermint, Schizonepeta tenuifolia and Agastache rugosa, do not dry them to avoid the loss of effective components; Some herbal medicines should be tied into small bundles and dried until they are completely dry, such as perilla, mint, broken blood, etc. Some succulent leaves with high water content, such as purslane and Sedum, should be scalded in boiling water before drying

6. Processing of roots and underground stems: wash the soil, remove fibrous roots, reed heads and residual leaves, grade the size, slice, block or segment while fresh, dry or dry, such as Angelica dahurica, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Achyranthes bidentata, etc; Some root tubers and bulbs with high meat quality and water content, such as asparagus and Stemona, should be slightly scalded in boiling water, sliced and dried or dried. This equipment is suitable for drying copper plastic plates for building curtain walls and indoor and outdoor decoration; For crude rhizomes, such as Radix Scrophulariae and lettuce roots, they should be sliced fresh and then dried; For medicinal materials that are difficult to peel after drying, such as cortex moutan and Platycodon grandiflorum, the cork should be scraped off while fresh; Medicinal materials containing starch and pulp juice, such as Gastrodia elata, Rehmannia glutinosa, polygonatum odoratum, polygonatum multiflorum, should be steamed fresh, sliced and dried. Some species, such as North sea cucumber and Ming dangshen, are scalded with boiling water first, then shaved, washed and dried; For example, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Radix Scrophulariae and Radix Paeoniae Alba should be boiled in boiling water and sweated repeatedly before they can be completely dried

II. Storage and preservation technology of traditional Chinese medicine

traditional Chinese medicine must be packed and stored in time after being collected and processed, otherwise there will be moth eaten, moldy, spoiled, tasted, oily and other phenomena, which will not only lose its efficacy, but also have toxic side effects after taking it. Now its storage technology is introduced as follows:

1 Storage of medicinal materials containing volatile oil: such as asarum, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Angelica dahurica, rose, Daidai flower, bergamot flower, rose, wood fragrance, Achyranthes bidentata, etc. contain volatile oil, which has a strong fragrance and bright color, and is easy to change color under the influence of temperature, humidity, oxygen and light. However, this is beneficial to detect materials with very large or very small elongation, and obtain accurate experimental results, oil removal and taste change. It is not suitable for long-term exposure to the air. Such medicinal materials should be packed in double-layer non-toxic plastic bags, with a small amount of quicklime, alum or dry sawdust, chaff and other things in the bags, and then stored in a dry, ventilated and dark place

2. Storage of fruit and seed medicinal materials: such as plum kernel, coix seed, cypress kernel, almond, Euryale ferox, Croton, lotus seed meat and other medicinal materials contain starch, fat, sugar, protein components, easy to extravasate in case of high temperature oil, oil stains appear on the surface of medicinal materials, causing deterioration, rancidity and taste loss. Such medicinal materials should not be stored in high-temperature places and baked. They should be placed in ceramic jars, jars, glass jars, bottles or metal barrels in a cool, dry and dark place. Some should be dried, disinfected and sterilized by slow fire heating and clear frying or boiling water scalding, and put into containers for storage, which can prevent moths and mildew deterioration

3. Storage of starch medicinal materials: such as Codonopsis pilosula, Radix Pseudostellariae, Radix Polygoni Multiflori, rhubarb, yam (Huai yam), radix puerariae, Alisma orientalis, Fritillaria, etc., should be packed in double-layer non-toxic plastic film bags, fastened, and stored in containers containing quicklime, alum, or dry sawdust, chaff, etc., which can prevent moths, moisture, deterioration, and mildew

4. Storage of sugary medicinal materials: such as Anemarrhena asphodeloides, wolfberry fruit, polygonatum odoratum, polygonatum multiflorum, Rehmannia glutinosa, asparagus, Codonopsis pilosula, Radix Scrophulariae and other medicinal materials with high water and sugar content are easy to absorb moisture, saccharify and stick, moldy and deteriorate. Such medicinal materials should be fully dried, packed in double-layer non-toxic plastic film bags, wrapped and tied tightly, put into sealed ceramic jars, jars, cans, and placed in a dry and ventilated place, and put some quicklime, alum, or dry and fresh sawdust, chaff, etc. in the container to prevent moisture

source: China Agricultural Science and technology information